Калькуттская фондовая биржа. Калькуттская фондовая биржа

Калькуттская фондовая биржа - WikiVisually

1. Калькутта – Kolkata /koʊlˈkɑːtɑː/ is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. In 2011, the city had a population of 4.5 million, while the population of the city and its suburbs was 14.1 million, making it the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. Recent estimates of Kolkata Metropolitan Areas economy have ranged from $60 to $150 billion making it third most-productive metropolitan area in India, after Mumbai, in the late 17th century, the three villages that predated Calcutta were ruled by the Nawab of Bengal under Mughal suzerainty. After the Nawab granted the East India Company a trading licence in 1690, Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah occupied Calcutta in 1756, and the East India Company retook it the following year. In 1793 the East India company was enough to abolish Nizamat. Calcutta was the centre for the Indian independence movement, it remains a hotbed of contemporary state politics, following Indian independence in 1947, Kolkata, which was once the centre of modern Indian education, science, culture, and politics, suffered several decades of economic stagnation. Many people from Kolkata—among them several Nobel laureates—have contributed to the arts, the sciences, Kolkata culture features idiosyncrasies that include distinctively close-knit neighbourhoods and freestyle intellectual exchanges. Though home to major cricketing venues and franchises, Kolkata differs from other Indian cities by giving importance to association football, there are several explanations about the etymology of this name, The term Kolikata is thought to be a variation of Kalikkhetrô, meaning Field of Kali. Similarly, it can be a variation of Kalikshetra, alternatively, the name may have been derived from the Bengali term kilkila, or flat area. The name may have its origin in the words khal meaning canal, followed by kaṭa, according to another theory, the area specialised in the production of quicklime or koli chun and coir or kata, hence, it was called Kolikata. The discovery and archaeological study of Chandraketugarh,35 kilometres north of Kolkata, Kolkatas recorded history began in 1690 with the arrival of the English East India Company, which was consolidating its trade business in Bengal. The area occupied by the city encompassed three villages, Kalikata, Gobindapur, and Sutanuti. Kalikata was a village, Sutanuti was a riverside weavers village. They were part of an estate belonging to the Mughal emperor and these rights were transferred to the East India Company in 1698. In 1712, the British completed the construction of Fort William, facing frequent skirmishes with French forces, the British began to upgrade their fortifications in 1756. The Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah, condemned the militarisation and his warning went unheeded, and the Nawab attacked, he captured Fort William which led to the killings of several East India company officials in the Black Hole of Calcutta. A force of Company soldiers and British troops led by Robert Clive recaptured the city the following year, declared a presidency city, Calcutta became the headquarters of the East India Company by 1772. In 1793, ruling power of the Nawabs were abolished and East India company took control of the city

2. Индия – India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and it is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast, in the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Indias Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a border with Thailand. The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE, in the following millennium, the oldest scriptures associated with Hinduism began to be composed. Social stratification, based on caste, emerged in the first millennium BCE, early political consolidations took place under the Maurya and Gupta empires, the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms influenced cultures as far as southeast Asia. In the medieval era, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived, much of the north fell to the Delhi sultanate, the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire. The economy expanded in the 17th century in the Mughal empire, in the mid-18th century, the subcontinent came under British East India Company rule, and in the mid-19th under British crown rule. A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century, which later, under Mahatma Gandhi, was noted for nonviolent resistance, in 2015, the Indian economy was the worlds seventh largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity. Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, a nuclear weapons state and regional power, it has the third largest standing army in the world and ranks sixth in military expenditure among nations. India is a constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system. It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society and is home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats. The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Hindu, the latter term stems from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for the Indus River. The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi, which translates as The people of the Indus, the geographical term Bharat, which is recognised by the Constitution of India as an official name for the country, is used by many Indian languages in its variations. Scholars believe it to be named after the Vedic tribe of Bharatas in the second millennium B. C. E and it is also traditionally associated with the rule of the legendary emperor Bharata. Gaṇarājya is the Sanskrit/Hindi term for republic dating back to the ancient times, hindustan is a Persian name for India dating back to the 3rd century B. C. E. It was introduced into India by the Mughals and widely used since then and its meaning varied, referring to a region that encompassed northern India and Pakistan or India in its entirety

3. Финансы – Finance is a field that deals with the study of investments. It includes the dynamics of assets and liabilities over time under conditions of different degrees of uncertainty, Finance can also be defined as the science of money management. Finance aims to price assets based on their level and their expected rate of return. Finance can be broken into three different sub-categories, public finance, corporate finance and personal finance. g, health and property insurance, investing and saving for retirement. Personal finance may also involve paying for a loan, or debt obligations, net worth is a persons balance sheet, calculated by adding up all assets under that persons control, minus all liabilities of the household, at one point in time. Household cash flow totals up all the sources of income within a year. From this analysis, the financial planner can determine to what degree, adequate protection, the analysis of how to protect a household from unforeseen risks. These risks can be divided into the following, liability, property, death, disability, health, some of these risks may be self-insurable, while most will require the purchase of an insurance contract. Determining how much insurance to get, at the most cost effective terms requires knowledge of the market for personal insurance, business owners, professionals, athletes and entertainers require specialized insurance professionals to adequately protect themselves. Since insurance also enjoys some tax benefits, utilizing insurance investment products may be a piece of the overall investment planning. Tax planning, typically the income tax is the single largest expense in a household, managing taxes is not a question of if you will pay taxes, but when and how much. Government gives many incentives in the form of tax deductions and credits, most modern governments use a progressive tax. Typically, as ones income grows, a marginal rate of tax must be paid. Understanding how to take advantage of the tax breaks when planning ones personal finances can make a significant impact in which it can later save you money in the long term. Investment and accumulation goals, planning how to accumulate enough money - for large purchases, major reasons to accumulate assets include, purchasing a house or car, starting a business, paying for education expenses, and saving for retirement. Achieving these goals requires projecting what they will cost, and when you need to withdraw funds that will be necessary to be able to achieve these goals, a major risk to the household in achieving their accumulation goal is the rate of price increases over time, or inflation. Using net present value calculators, the planner will suggest a combination of asset earmarking. In order to overcome the rate of inflation, the investment portfolio has to get a higher rate of return, managing these portfolio risks is most often accomplished using asset allocation, which seeks to diversify investment risk and opportunity

4. Фондовая биржа – A stock exchange or bourse is an exchange where stock brokers and traders can buy and/or sell stocks, bonds, and other securities. Stock exchanges may also provide facilities for issue and redemption of securities and other financial instruments, Securities traded on a stock exchange include stock issued by listed companies, unit trusts, derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds. Stock exchanges often function as continuous auction markets, with buyers and sellers consummating transactions at a central location, to be able to trade a security on a certain stock exchange, it must be listed there. Trade on an exchange is restricted to brokers who are members of the exchange, the initial public offering of stocks and bonds to investors is by definition done in the primary market and subsequent trading is done in the secondary market. A stock exchange is often the most important component of a stock market, supply and demand in stock markets are driven by various factors that, as in all free markets, affect the price of stocks. There is usually no obligation for stock to be issued via the exchange itself. Such trading may be off exchange or over-the-counter and this is the usual way that derivatives and bonds are traded. Increasingly, stock exchanges are part of a securities market. The idea of debt dates back to the ancient world, as evidenced for example by ancient Mesopotamian clay tablets recording interest-bearing loans, there is little consensus among scholars as to when corporate stock was first traded. Some see the key event as the Dutch East India Companys founding in 1602, economist Ulrike Malmendier of the University of California at Berkeley argues that a share market existed as far back as ancient Rome. One such service was the feeding of geese on the Capitoline Hill as a reward to the birds after their honking warned of a Gallic invasion in 390 B. C. Participants in such organizations had partes or shares, a concept mentioned various times by the statesman, in one speech, Cicero mentions shares that had a very high price at the time. Such evidence, in Malmendiers view, suggests the instruments were tradable, the societas declined into obscurity in the time of the emperors, as most of their services were taken over by direct agents of the state. Tradable bonds as a used type of security were a more recent innovation, spearheaded by the Italian city-states of the late medieval. While the Italian city-states produced the first transferable government bonds, they did not develop the other ingredient necessary to produce a fully fledged capital market, the Dutch East India Company became the first company to offer shares of stock. Control of the company was held tightly by its directors, with shareholders not having much influence on management or even access to the companys accounting statements. However, shareholders were rewarded well for their investment, the company paid an average dividend of over 16 percent per year from 1602 to 1650. Financial innovation in Amsterdam took many forms, by the 1620s, the company was expanding its securities issuance with the first use of corporate bonds

5. Экономика Индии – The economy of India is the seventh-largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third-largest by purchasing power parity. The country is classified as an industrialised country, and one of the G-20 major economies. Indias economy became the worlds fastest growing economy in the last quarter of 2014. The Indian economy has the potential to become the worlds 3rd-largest economy by the next decade, and the outlook for short-term growth is also good as according to the IMF, the Indian economy is the bright spot in the global landscape. India also topped the World Banks growth outlook for 2015-16 for the first time with the economy having grown 7. 6% in 2015-16, growth is expected to decline slightly to 7. 1% in the 2016-17 fiscal year. India has one of the fastest growing sectors in the world with annual growth rate of above 9% since 2001. India has become an exporter of IT services, BPO services. It is also the part of the economy. The IT industry continues to be the largest private employer in India. India ranks second worldwide in farm output, the Industry sector has held a constant share of its economic contribution. The Indian auto mobile industry is one of the largest in the world with a production of 21.48 million vehicles in FY 2013-14. India has $600 billion worth of retail market in 2015 and one of worlds fastest growing E-Commerce markets, India is also home to worlds third largest billionaires pool with 111 billionaires in 2016 and the fourth largest number of ultra-high-net-worth households that have more than US$100 million. The combination of protectionist, import-substitution, Fabian socialism, social democratic-inspired policies governed India for sometime after the end of British occupation, the economy was then characterised by extensive regulation, protectionism, public ownership of large monopolies, pervasive corruption and slow growth. Since 1991, continuing economic liberalisation has moved the country towards a market-based economy, by 2008, India had established itself as one of the worlds faster-growing economies. Growth significantly slowed to 7. 0% in 2008–09, but subsequently recovered to 7. 4% in 2009–10, Indias current account deficit surged to 4. 1% of GDP during Q2 FY11 against 3. 2% the previous quarter. The unemployment rate for 2012–13, according to Government of Indias Labour Bureau, was 4. 7% nationwide, by UPS method, Indias consumer price inflation ranged between 8.9 and 12% over the 2009-2013 period. Maritime trade was carried out extensively between South India and southeast and West Asia from early times until around the fourteenth century AD, over time, traders organised themselves into associations which received state patronage. Other scholars suggest trading from India to West Asia and Eastern Europe was active between 14th and 18th century, during this period, Indian traders had settled in Surakhani, a suburb of greater Baku, Azerbaijan

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Калькуттская фондовая биржа • ru.knowledgr.com

Калькуттская Фондовая биржа, также сокращенная до CSE, (di kyalkata stôk ekschenj), расположенный в Лионском Диапазоне, Калькутте, Индия, является самой старой фондовой биржей в Южной Азии. Это было включено в 1908 и является второй по величине фондовой биржей в Индии.

История

В 1830 действия фондовой биржи в Калькутте привыкли для проводимого под ниимом. Самый ранний отчет деловых отношений с ценными бумагами в Индии - ценные бумаги ссуды British East India Company. В 1908 фондовая биржа была включена и состояла из 150 участников. В 1928 было построено существующее здание в Лионском Диапазоне. Calcutta Stock Exchange Ltd предоставило постоянное признание правительство Индии с эффектом с 14 апреля 1980 в соответствии с соответствующими положениями Контрактов ценных бумаг (Регулирование) закон, 1956. Калькуттская Фондовая биржа следовала за знакомой системой протеста для продажи акций вплоть до 1997, когда это было заменено электронной (eTrading) системой, известной как C-ЗВЕЗДА (Экран CSE Основанная Торговля И Сообщение).

Полная форма CSE - Калькуттская Фондовая биржа.

Союз

Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE) сделала стратегические инвестиции в Калькуттскую Фондовую биржу, приобретя 5% ее акций.

Профиль

Комитет

Калькуттская фондовая биржа ограниченный

Совет директоров

Шри Дипэнкэр Чаттерджи - Директор общественного интереса и председатель правления
Шри Б Мэдхэв Редди - Исполнительный директор & генеральный директор
Шри Прасад Раньян Рэй, МСФО (Retd). - Директор общественного интереса
Шри Бхэскэр сенатор - директор общественного интереса
Шри Рави Поддэр - Директор акционера
Шри Санджай Бадхия - Директор акционера
Шри Мохэн Гоенка - Директор акционера
Шри Пурушоттэм Сараф - Директор акционера

Высшие руководители

Шри Б. Мэдхэв Редди - Исполнительный директор & генеральный директор
Шри М.Э.В Раджу - Генеральный директор
Шри Прасанджит Датта - Финансовый директор & секретарь
Шри Дхирэдж Чакрэборти - Dy. Генеральный директор (HR, край & развитие бизнеса)
Шри Парта Сарати Мохэпэтра - Dy. Генеральный директор (информационные технологии)
Smt Sripriya Senthilkumar - Dy. Генеральный директор (деятельность фондовой биржи)
Шри Амит Сэнтра - Менеджер (наблюдение)
Шри как есть Maity - менеджер (рыночная операция)

Индексы CSE

Один Индекс используется:

CSE - 40 индексов

См. также

Список южноазиатских фондовых бирж

Внешние ссылки

Примечания

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definition of Калькуттская фондовая биржа and synonyms of Калькуттская фондовая биржа (Russian)

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